嵇康《与山巨源绝交书》论析

A Study of JI Kang’s The Diffidation Letter to Shan Ju-yuan

学《与山巨源绝交书》是魏晋之际社会政治、名士思想的一面镜子。一方面,嵇康全面的自我表白,既写出了他"越名教而任自然",放纵情性、不受拘羁的处世原则、交友之道,又表现出他傲岸、倔强的个性;另一方面,我们可以从嵇康的言词中体会到当时黑暗、险恶的政治氛围,以及作为"竹林七贤"的精神领袖,在士人中的威望和影响。然而,嵇康却因此文被司马氏集团残忍杀害。那么,嵇康真的就因为可恶的政治或一己的任性而要与同游于竹林的有着相同旨趣的好友绝交吗?当然不是,而是好友之间通过所谓的绝交来表明自己的心智、向往。

The Diffidation Letter to Shah Ju-yuan is a mirror of social politics and personage ideas in the Wei and Jin Period. On the one hand, Ji Kang＇s overall self-revealing shows not only his ＂exceeding Confucian ethical code to natural＂ and his principle of living and making friends, but also his proud and unyielding personality; on the other hand, we can see between his words the dark and dangerous political atmosphere during that period of time, and his prestige and influence among the personage as the spiritual leader of the Seven Sages in the Bamboo Grove. However, due to this letter, Ji Kang was killed by the Si Ma group mercilessly. Is it true that just because of the dark and dangerous politics and his individuality, Ji Kang wants to break off the friendship with his close friend, who also assembles in the Bamboo Grove and shares common interest with him？ No, absolutely not. It is an indication of his mentality and yearning through the so called ＂diffidation＂ with his close friend.