政府信息公开中第三人权利救济的制度进路思考——以《政府信息公开条例》第一案为引子

On the Remedy System for the Rights of the Third Party for the Disclosure of Government Information

信息一旦公开就具有不可回复的特性,应该在政府信息公开之前给予第三人有效的救济。必须要有特殊的制度保障第三人救济权利的实现,我国《政府信息公开条例》对此未有明确的制度规定。制度进路主要应该包括行政机关倾向公开信息时的告知、公开决定的附时间生效、第三人暂时权利保护等;行政机关拒绝公开信息时申请人起诉的,公开中的第三人应该作为诉讼第三人参加诉讼。我国应该结合法制现状选择最有效的制度建构模式。

The disclosed information can not be restored, so the remedy for the fights of the third party is necessary. There are differences between the disclosure of government information and other administrative acts. The remedy for the fights of the third party must be realized before the information is disclosed. There are many special systems so as to realize the remedy for the rights. If the government favors disclosing the information, there are many systems that should be implemented, such as the third party informed for two times, the disclosed act activating attaching the time and the temporary protection for the third party. When the applicant initiates legal proceedings against the rejection of the disclosure of government information, the third party for the disclosure of government information should be the third party in the suit.