苏云金芽孢杆菌和球形芽孢杆菌杀蚊作用以及工程菌改造研究进展

Mosquitocidal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus and recombinants for effective bio-logical control of mosquitoes

苏云金芽孢杆菌和球形芽孢杆菌是应用最广泛的杀蚊幼虫的细菌，但还存在很多不足。苏云金芽孢杆菌产生两类杀蚊幼虫晶体蛋白，即内毒素晶体蛋白和溶细胞毒素，球形芽孢杆菌产生二元毒素和杀蚊毒素。研究不同毒素的不同杀蚊作用，以及通过DNA重组技术改造原有的菌种，扩大其杀蚊幼虫的活性和范围，有助于更有效地杀灭媒介蚊虫和防治疟疾。

Bacillus thuringieusis and Bacillus sphaericus have been widely used for the control of vector mosquitoes. However, the moderate efficacy has limited their use as mosquito larvicides. Mosquitoeidal crystal protein and cytolysis toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis and binary toxin and mosquitocidal toxin of Bacillus sphaericus have been studied. Recently, recombinant DNA techniques have been used for improving insecticide efficacy by enabling new endotoxin combinations to be produced within single strain from different bacteria. The availability of these methods offers the potential for more effective control of mosuuito vectors of malaria.