家畜传染源控制在血吸虫病防治中的作用

Control of livestock infection source for anti-schistosomiasis

家畜作为主要传染源之一在血吸虫病传播流行过程中具有重要的作用。我国血吸虫病防治策略经历了消灭钉螺切断传播途径和人、畜同步化疗控制传染源两个主要阶段，并取得了显著的防治效果。但在一些重度流行区，特别是湖沼地区，血吸虫再感染仍然十分严重，近年来很多研究已经对再感染进行了深入分析，并围绕着家畜这一传染源进行了系统的研究，这为我们现阶段实行以控制传染源为主的综合防治策略奠定了基础。该文重点回顾了我国家畜传染源在血吸虫病传播中的作用与地位，为进一步理解和执行新时期血吸虫病防治策略提供了科学依据。

Livestock plays an important role in epidemic process of schistosomiasis as one of the main infection sources. The strategies for the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in China have experienced two main stages, including snail control to interrupt infection routes and synchronized chemotherapy on human and livestock to control schistosomiasis. The significant effect has been achieved in control of epidemic situation of schistosomiasis after carrying out these strategies. However, in some severe epidemic areas, especially marshland areas, the re-infection of Schistosomajaponicum is still serious. Recently many researchers have done in-depth analysis on re-infection, and made systematic studies on livestock infection sources, that laid the foundation for the implementation of the comprehensive control strategies mainly focusing on control of infection sources at present stage. This review mainly summarized the role and status of infection sources of livestock in transmission of schistosomiasis in China, providing scientific basis for understanding and implementing the new strategies for prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis.