结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染早期两种检测方法的比较分析

Compare Two Tests in Early Diagnosis of Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

目的比较结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)特异性IFN-γ酶联免疫斑点法(Elispot)和结核菌素皮试(TB-PPD皮试)在MTB潜伏感染早期诊断的优异。方法采用自主研制的Elispot试剂盒(简称Elispot)对100例健康志愿者进行检测,并和TB-PPD皮试进行平行比较。结果100例健康志愿者中有50例TB-PPD皮试阳性(占50%),Elispot检测阳性20例(占20%)。两种方法检测结果差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.45,P<0.005)。结论MTB特异性IFN-γElispot试剂盒在健康人群中检测阳性率比传统的TB-PPD皮试要低,Elispot检测体外IFN-γ应答反应在诊断MTB潜伏感染的价值优于TB-PPD皮试,在MTB潜伏感染早期诊断有较好的发展前景。

Objective To compare Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific IFN-γ Elispot assay and TB-PPD （purified protein derivatives） skin test in diagnosis of latent MTB infection. Method 100 healthy volunteers with written informed consent undertook the Elispot test developed by our lab and TB-PPD skin test in parallel. Results In 100 healthy volunteers, 50 of them were positive for in response to TB-PPD skin test （50%）, but 20 （20%） were positive for in response to Elispot test. The comparative study indicated that there was a statistical significant difference between the results of Elispot assay and TB-PPD skin test （X^2 = 20.45 ,P〈0.005）. Conclusion The proportion of Elispot was lower than the TB-PPD skin test, which was better than the TB-PPD skin test for screening of latent MTB infection and it would have a good prospects in early diagnosis of latent MTB infection.