惠州市青年学生艾滋病知识知晓状况及相关行为调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Informed Situation of Young Students' Knowledge about AIDS and Related Behaviors in Huizhou City

目的了解惠州市预防艾滋病宣传教育工作的成效及存在问题,为今后对青年学生开展宣教活动,完善宣教策略提供依据。方法使用统一的调查表采用调查对象不记名自填问卷方式。调查的内容包括:人口学基本情况、艾滋病知识、性行为经历、是否有吸毒及注射吸毒行为、接受有关预防艾滋病服务情况等。结果对外表健康的人可以是感染者的知晓率为89.8%,每次性行为都正确使用安全套可降低艾滋病的传播危险的知晓率为75.4%,输入带有艾滋病病毒的血液或血制品可感染艾滋病的知晓率为97.0%,共用注射器可传播艾滋病的知晓率为93.9%,蚊虫叮咬是否会传播艾滋病病毒的知晓率为40.3%,感染的母亲可传给胎儿的知晓率为91.1%。有性行为经历的占6.8%。获得艾滋病知识信息途径较单一,主要来源于电视广播及报刊杂志。结论惠州市青年学生对感染艾滋病的各种危险因素的知晓不全面,部分非传播途径知晓率也较低。开展艾滋病相关知识宣传教育仍十分必要,学校应加强艾滋病健康教育的力度以提高青年学生对艾滋病的认识水平。

Objective To understand the efficiency of health education on AIDS prevention and existing problems and provides the evidence of improving educational strategies in future. Methods All objects were investigated by questionnaires including demographic information, AIDS knowledge, sexual behavior, drug abuse and injection drug abuse. Results According to the survey on informed rate of young students＇ knowledge about AIDS and related behaviors, seven risk factors around the transmission of apparently healthy people, correct condom use in every sexual behavior, the transfusion of commercial blood containing HIV, sharing syringes, mosquito bite, vertical transmission and sexual experience were investigated, and the informed rates were respectively 89.8%, 75.4%, 97.0%, 93.9%, 40.3%, 91.1% and 6.8%. The way to get AIDS knowledge was very simple, chiefly from TV, broadcast, newspaper and magazines. Conclusion The survey shows that young students have not an all-around understanding about risk factors of AIDS, and fail to learn about the indirect ways of transmission. Therefore the health education should be strengthened to improve young students＇ comprehensive knowledge to AIDS.