粤桂琼三省区疟疾联防16年广东区效果评价

16 Years of Malaria Joint Prevention Experience in the Three Provinces:Yue,Gui and Qiong

目的分析和评价粤桂琼三省区疟疾联防机制对控制广东流动人口疟疾疫情的作用。方法主动侦查与被动侦查相结合,通过发热病人血检和疟疾病人个案调查,使用回归流行病学方法对资料进行分类和分析。结果广东参加疟疾联防的6个地级市16年共发现流动人口疟疾病例32233例,其中归属广东籍流动人口疟疾病人有2401例;归属海南省籍流动人口疟疾病人有11224例;归属广西籍流动人口疟疾病人有4253例;归属其它省籍流动人口疟疾病人有14355例。32233例流动人口疟疾病人中,输入性恶性疟有47例,其余32186例为间日疟。流动人口中的回归人员共有病例7183例,血检阳性率为2.75%;流动人口中的外来人员共有病例25050例,血检阳性率为2.19%;两者血检阳性率差异无统计学意义。各种职业的流动人口血检阳性率野外作业与室内作业人员相比,差异有统计学意义。1992-2007年广东省疟疾疫情呈逐年下降趋势。结论通过连续16年的疟疾联防,广东流动人口疟疾疫情得到控制,输入病例和输入继发病例明显减少,广东省疟疾疫情稳定,年发病率逐年下降。

Objective To evaluate the epidemic situation of malaria in the mobile population of the three provinces after 16 years of malaria prevention and control. Methods Patients with fever were blood tested and examined for the malaria. Results were analyzed by regressive epidemiological method. Results In the past 16 years, a total of 32 233 cases of malaria were found in the mobile population in Guangdong. 2 401 cases were Guangdong registered citizens; 11 224 cases were Hainan registered citizens; 4 253 cases were Guangxi registered citizens and 14 355 cases were citizens from other provinces. Among the 32 233 cases of malaria, 47 cases were imported malignant malaria and the rest 32 186 cases were tertian malaria. In the mobile population, 7 183 cases were found in the returning population and the positive reaction rate in the blood test was 2.75%. For the 25 050 cases from the mobile population, the positive reaction rate in the blood test was 2.19%. There was a significant difference of the positive blood test between the indoor and outdoor workers. There was a tendency in the decrease of malaria incidence between 1992 and 2007. Conclusion The epidemic situation of malaria was under control in the mobile population in Guangdong provinces. The malaria epidemic situation is stabilized and there is a tendency of decreasing in annual incidence.