3396例儿童体检乙肝血清流行病学分析

Sero-Epidemiological Analysis of Hepatitis B in Xiaolan People's Hospital

目的了解中山市小榄镇7月～7岁儿童乙肝病毒标志物携带情况,为传染性乙型肝炎的防治工作提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,抽取2008年1月1日-6月30日在小榄镇小榄人民医院检测的7月～7岁3396名儿童乙肝两对半结果,用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果HBsAg携带率为1.59%,且随年龄的增长呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。HBsAb阳性率为60.48%,且随年龄增长呈下降趋势(P<0.05),其中2～7岁年龄组儿童显著高于7月～1岁年龄组儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。37.81%的儿童乙肝"二对半"五项标志物均为阴性,且随年龄的增长有上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论小榄镇7月～7岁年龄组儿童HBsAg阳性率达到较低水平,2岁以上儿童HBsAb阳性率偏低且未受到乙肝病毒的感染,存在乙型肝炎病毒感染的危险,应积极推广乙肝疫苗的加强免疫,加大乙型肝炎的综合防治力度。

Objective This study aims to provide information for the prevention and treatment of infectious hepatitis B. Methods Samples from 3 396 children at 7 months to 7 years old in Xiaolan People＇s Hospital from 1 January 2008 to 30 June 2008 were analyzed by SPSS 13. Results The carrying rate of HBsAg was 1.59% and there was a tendency to increase （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of HBsAb was 60.48% and the values tended to decrease with the increase in age （P〈0.05）. The positive rate of HBsAb in children at 2-7 years old was higher than the children at 7 to 12 months old, and the difference was significant （P〈0.01）. The five markers of hepatitis B, ＂two pairs of semi＂, of children（37.81%） were negative and tended to increase along with the rising of age （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAg in children of 7 to 12 months old was low in Xiaolan town. Children at the age of 2 or above had a low positive rate of HBsAb, and there was no indication of hepatitis B virus infection. Strengthening of the disease control and prevention program can reduce their risk of HBV infection.