儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征中耳功能的观察

Observation of the middle ear function in patients with pediatric obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

目的探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)对中耳功能的影响。方法对32例(64耳)OSAHS患儿及26例(52耳)健康儿童行声导抗和纯音测听检查。结果32例OSAHS患儿中,鼓室导抗图A型16耳,B型24耳,C型18耳,Ad型4耳,As型2耳;正常听阈12耳,轻度聋48耳,中度聋4耳。患儿组各频率气导听阈均值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义,峰压值与对照组比较差异亦有统计学意义。结论儿童OSAHS患者异常导抗图增加,镫骨肌反射消失增多,峰压值偏向负压,出现气导听阈的提高。

Objective To investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） on the middle ear function in children. Methods Thirty-three patients with pediatric OSAHS and 26 healthy children were involved in the study. Acoustic immittance measurement and pure tone audiometry was performed in all subjects. Results Tympanogram in OSAHS patients showed A type in 16 ears, B type in 24 ears, C type in 18 ears, Ad type in 4 ears, As type in 2 ears. Pure tone audiometry test showed normal air hearing threshold in 12 ears, light deafness in 48 ears and moderate deafness in 4 ears. There were significant differences both in air hearing thresholds of each frequency and the peak pressures between OSAHS patients and the healthy children. Conclusions Pediatric OSAHS patients showed an increased abnormal tympanograms including acoustic stapedius reflex vanishing, the negative pressure, and an increased air hearing thresholds.