单侧拔牙矫正牙列拥挤的探讨

Correction of unilateral extraction of crowding

目的：探讨并分析具有特殊适应症的患者，上下颌单侧拔牙矫治轻中度牙列拥挤与上下颌双侧对称性拔牙矫治轻中度牙列拥挤的疗效差异。方法：回顾性分析2006年12月～2008年12月期间我院28例上下颌单侧拔牙矫治轻中度牙列拥挤（实验组）和25例上下颌双侧对称性拔牙矫治轻中度牙列拥挤（对照组）患者的一临床资料，比较两组间在术后牙弓对称性方面的差异。实验组在选择病历时要求其上下颌轻中度牙列拥挤病例的面型较好，拥挤集中于牙弓一侧，拥挤度在5～9mm之间。结果：于治疗后的24个月内让患者定期回院复查，发现采用上下颌单侧拔牙矫治轻中度牙列拥挤的28例患者拥挤全部解除，其上下颌中线无明显偏斜，上下牙列尖窝关系咬合紧密。25例上下颌双侧对称性拔牙矫治轻中度牙列拥挤同样结果。两种拔牙方式矫治轻中度牙列拥挤，在牙弓对称性方面的差异无显著性统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：本项研究证明，上下颌单侧拔牙能成功地矫治轻中度牙列拥挤且拥挤集中于牙弓一侧的患者，具有简化疗程和减少拔牙的优点，是一项可推广的技术。

Objective： To investigate and analyze the patients with special indications, extraction orthodontic treatment on mandibular unilateral mild to moderate mandibular crowding with bilateral symmetry extraction orthodontic treatment of mild to moderate crowding effect of the difference. Methods： Retrospective analysis in December 2006 --2008 during the years in our hospital in December on 28 cases of unilateral extraction of mandibular crowding with mild to moderate treatment （experimental group） and 25 eases of mandibular bilateral symmetry extraction orthodontic treatment in light degree of crowding （control group） in patients with clinical data, comparison between the two groups in postoperative dental arch symmetry differences. Medical records in the choice of the experimental group asked its upper and lower cases of mild to moderate crowding of the face is better focused on the arch side of overcrowding, congestion 5mm - 9 mm in between. Results： After treatment of 24 months to allow hospital patients back to regular review and found that the use of extraction orthodontic treatment on mandibular unilateral mild to moderate crowding of the 28 cases of congestion of all the lifting of patients, the upper and lower midline was no significant deviation, upper and lower Waterloo sharp oeclusal dentition close relationship. On 25 cases of mandibular bilateral symmetry extraction orthodontic treatment with mild to moderate crowding the same result. Two extraction methods correcting mild to moderate crowding in the dental arch symmetry aspects of the difference was not significant statistically significant （P〉0. 05） . Conclusion： This study shows that the extraction of mandibular unilateral success in correcting mild to moderate crowding and congestion concentrated on the side of the patient dental arch, with a simplified treatment and reduce the advantage of extraction is a replicable technology.