美沙酮维持治疗病人抑郁状况及原因调查

Survey of depression and causes in patients with methadone maintenance treatment

目的:了解进行美沙酮维持治疗戒毒病人的抑郁情况。方法:从2006年9月-2009年3月参加美沙酮维持治疗戒毒的550例病人中随机抽取300例病人进行抑郁状况调查。结果:300例调查对象中轻度情绪紊乱者34例(11.3%),临床临界抑郁34例(11.3%),中度抑郁54例(18%),严重抑郁40例(13.3%),极端抑郁17例(5.7%)。值得关注的是在抑郁原因的调查中,有63例病人认为自己正在受到惩罚,51例病人厌恨自己,19例病人有机会就自杀,15例病人想自杀。抑郁的主要原因是经济困难、就业困难、社会歧视等,而这些问题不可能在美沙酮门诊得到解决,应充分利用门诊的平台作用,加强对服药病人的心理卫生以及身心健康教育,尽可能降低抑郁的发生发展。结论:对进行美沙酮维持治疗戒毒病人适时进行相关的心理行为干预,早期发现并给予心理疏导以及建议抗抑郁药物治疗,能有效预防或降低发生自杀的危险。

Objective： To explore the patient＇s depression of all the cases who were treated in MMT clinic. Methods： 300 patients with depression symptom were surveyed. They were randomly selected from 550 patients who were treated in MMT clinic from September 2006 to March 2009. Results： There were 34 mild emotional disorders （11.3%）, 34 critical clinical depression （11.3%）, 54 moderate depression （18%）, 40 severe depression （13.3%）, 17 extreme depression （5.7%） in 300 patients surveyed. It is noteworthy that, in the investigation into the cause of depression, there were 63 patients who thought they were being punished, 51 patients who hate themselves, 19 patients who committed suicide once have the opportunity, 15 patients who wanted to commit suicide. The main reasons for depression were economic difficulties, employment difficulties and social discrimination, etc. These problems can not be resolved in the MMT clinic. We should make full use of the role of clinic platform, to strengthen the patient＇s mental health and physical and psychological health education, minimize the occurrence and development of depression. Conclusion： Implement psychological and behavioral intervention to the patients. Early detection of depression, given psychological counseling and antidepressant drug treatment suggestion can effectively prevent or reduce the risk of suicide.