α-甲基丙烯酸十四酯-十六烯降凝剂的合成及其降凝效果

Synthesis of Tetradecyl Methacrylate Ester-Hexadecene Copolymer as Pour Point Depressant of Base Oil

用α-甲基丙烯酸和十四醇合成了α-甲基丙烯酸十四酯(TDMA);以甲苯为溶剂、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,TDMA与十六烯(HE)共聚生成了降凝剂α-甲基丙烯酸十四酯-十六烯二元共聚物(AH);对TDMA和AH进行了红外光谱表征;考察了影响AH降凝效果的主要因素以及将AH与两种市售降凝剂分别复配后的降凝效果。实验结果表明,以在n(TDMA)∶n(HE)=6∶1、BPO用量(相对于单体TDMA和HE的质量分数)1.0%、甲苯用量(相对于单体TDMA和HE的质量分数)75%、聚合时间5h的条件下合成的AH为降凝剂,在AH用量(相对于基础油的质量分数)为0.5%时,AH的降凝效果最佳,可使燕山500SN、燕山200SN、河南、湖南和大庆5种基础油的凝点分别降低29,31,20,6,18℃;AH与市售降凝剂复配后,复配物对基础油的降凝效果基本优于单独使用市售降凝剂的降凝效果。

Tetradecyl methacrylate ester （TDMA） as a starting material for a pour point depressant （PPD） of base oil was synthesized from tetradecyl alcohol and α-methacrylic acid with toluene as solvent, hydroquinone as inhibitor, toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst. The obtained TDMA then copolymerized with hexadecene（HE） in toluene to produce tetradecyl methacrylate ester-hexadecene copolymer （AH） with benzoyl peroxide（BPO） used as initiator. TDMA and AH were characterized by means of IR. Effects of mixtures of AH with two other kinds of PPD and some important factors on solidifying point reduction property of AH were discussed. AH was copolymerized with HE under the conditions of mole ratio of TDMA to bexadecene 6 ： 1, BPO dosage 1.0% （based on total mass of TDMA and HE）, reaction time 5 h, toluene dosage 75% （based on total mass of TDMA and HE）. AH showed excellent depressing effect on solidifying point of base oil when its addition amount was 0. 5% （based on mass of base oil ）. The solidifying point of five different base oils from relevant plants can be lowered by 6 -31 ℃ after addition of AH. For the mixtures of AH with each of two other kinds of PPD from market, pour point depressions of the two mixtures are both better than that of the two from the market individually.