论西方管理理性主义和管理经验主义的分歧与融通

On the Difference and Integration of Western Managerial Rationalism and Empiricism

西方管理理性主义认为管理理论的普遍必然性知识来源于理性认识,并将研究对象设定为管理中的整体问题,而管理经验主义则认为经验观察是管理理论的来源,从而注重的是对个案的研究,两派在认识论维度的观点不同造成了它们的分歧。但从管理外部环境的复杂性、管理学科的实践属性以及人在管理中的主客性等方面来看,二者存在着走向融通的可能与必要。本文以马克思主义辩证法为指导,借鉴系统论和自组织等相关理论,提出了超越管理理性主义与经验主义之分歧、建立多元化融通的途径。

While the western managerial rationalism holds that the management theory comes from rational knowledge, therefore regards the general issue of management as its research object, the western managerial empiricism believes that the management theory comes from experiences and actual observations, therefore emphasizes case studies. Although their own epistemologies brought about their differences, there is a possibility and necessity in integrating the western managerial rationalism with the managerial empiricism in the aspects of the complexity of management external environment, the practical attributes of management science, the position of people in management and so on. Under the guidance of Marxism dialectics and using the related theories, such as system theory, the theory of self-organization and so on, this paper attempts to bring forward an approach to bridging the differences between the managerial rationalism and the managerial empiricism and integrating various theories.