262例5岁以下住院儿童死亡分析及干预措施探讨

Analysis of major death causes in 262 cases of hospitalized children Under 5 -year old

目的：了解5岁以下住院儿童死亡情况及主要原因，制定有效地干预措施，降低儿童死亡率。方法：通过调查江门市中心医院2004年1月1日至2008年12月31日，262例5岁以下儿童死亡的电子病例资料。统计分析死亡病例的一般情况和主要死亡原因。对有关数据用SPSS13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果：婴儿期死亡率最高，占住院儿童死亡总人数的69.46％，其中新生儿占39.31％。感染性疾病是5岁以下死亡的主要原因。新生儿期死亡原因主要是非感染性疾病（66.63％），其中吸入性肺炎、窒息、早产儿及合并症、先天性畸形占非感染性疾病死因的前四位，占同期52.28叼，吸入性肺炎、窒息、占非感染性疾病死因的前2位。结论：加强妇幼保健工作，提高妇幼保健意识，孕妇常规体检、提高各级医院在围产期和婴儿期诊疗技术和护理水平，是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的重要措施。

Objective ： To investigate the situation and the primary cause of the death of the 5 - year - old following hospitalized children for the development of effective interventions to reduce child mortality. Metbods：,To investigate the electronic clinical data of 262 cases of death children under 5 years of age in Jiangmen Central Hospital from January 1,2004 to December 31,2008 and Statistical analysis the general situation and the main cause of death. The SPSS13.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Resuits： The infant mortality rate was highest, accounting for 69.46% in the total number of the death hospitalized children. The new-born accounts for 39.31%. Infectious diseases under 5 years of age are the major cause of death. The main cause of death in the neonatal period was non - infectious diseases（66.63%）. Including aspiration pneumonia, asphyxia, complications of prematurity and congenital malformations , accounted for the top four causes of death of non - infectious diseases . accounting for 52.28% in the same period,, aspiration pneumonia , suffocation accounted for the former two of non - infectious disease cause of death. Conclusions. To strength the Work of the maternal and child health cares and to improve maternal and child health awareness, regular medical checkups for pregnant women. To improve the hospital level of medical technology and care in perinatal and infant period is an important measure, for reduce child mortality under 5 years of age.