中国朝鲜族与韩国非医药类大学生对精神疾病的认识程度及态度调查

The survey of knowledge and attitude toward mental illness between Chinese- Korean and Korean non medical university students

目的：了解和比较中国朝鲜族与韩国非医药类大学生对精神疾病的认识程度及态度。方法：通过方便取样，以289名中国朝鲜族非医药类大学生（中国学生）和162名韩国非医药类大学生（韩国学生）为对象，利用自编的问卷调查他们关于了解精神疾病患者的途径、对一些精神疾病的认识程度、对精神疾病患者的总体印象及见解、对家属中患者的见解以及对精神病院的见解及态度，依次按问卷内容算出不同情况所占比例，并在两国学生中进行比较。结果：在中韩两国学生中，通过直接接触了解患者者所占比例各为32.4％和21.1％；对痴呆和酒依赖有一定认识者所占比例各为22.2％、14.9％和52.5％、32.7qo；称对患者的总体印象不太好者所占比例各为80.3％和93.2％，而称总体印象还可以者均是有与患者直接接触的经验者；称若家属中有人入精神病院会感到羞耻者所占比例各为33.6％和55.6％；称能够与有精神病既往史的人结婚者所占比例各为33.6％和63.4％，中国学生少于韩国学生（P〈0.001）；对现在的精神病院，认为过分隐蔽不知道内部发生什么事情者所占比例各为51.5％和67.8％。结论：中韩两国学生中的大多数人，对精神疾病和精神病院的认识程度差、态度否定。但在同精神疾病患者结婚的问题上，两国学生之间存在一定的文化差异。两国都需要重视给大学生创造或增加接触精神疾病患者、了解精神疾病和精神病院的机会。

Objective： To identify and compare the knowledge and attitude toward mental illness between Chinese - Korean and Korean non medical university students. Methods ：289 Chinese -Korean non medical university students and 162 Korean non medical university students were surveyed with a “questionaire about the mental illness” including methods of understanding the mental illness patients. The knowledge of the mental illness and the general impression and views of the metal illness patients, the view toward the metal illness patients in the family and the view and attitude toward the psychiatry hospital, figure out the proportion according to the different situation and the content one by one, then comparing among the students in both countries. Results： Among the sudents between China and Korea, who can directly keep in touch with patients, their proportions are 32.4% and 21.1%, and who have som realization about dementia and alcohol dependence, their proportions are 22.2% and 14.9% , 52.5% and 32.7% , who have bad impression on the patients, their proportions are 80.3% and 93.2% , but who have good impression on the patients are all have the experince of directly keep in touch with patients can touch with them and have more experience directly, who think them shameful if their family member go into psychiatric hospital, their proportions are 33.6% and 63.4% , who said that can marry with the patients who had the past mental illness, their proportions are 33.6% and 63.4% , Chinese students are less than Korean students（P 〈0.001）, who think the present psychiatric hospial are secret place, their proportions are 51.5% and 67.8%. Conclusions： The most students between China and Korea realize the knowledge poor and negative attitude toward the metall illness and psychiatric hospital, and there is a definite cultural difference between them, toward the question which marry with the mental illness patients. We hope that the uni- versity students between China and Korea should have more chance to keep in touch with the mental illness patients and realize the mental illness and psychiatric hospital.