孕中期应用金标法和酶联免疫法筛查唐氏综合征9554例分析

Analysis on Down syndrome screening by dot immunogold filtration assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 9554 cases in second trimester

目的:通过采用不同方法筛查唐氏综合征(DS),以选择利于在条件有限的基层医院开展产前筛查。方法:采用金标法半定量快速筛查,判读结果;采用酶联免疫法检测孕妇血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)和游离β人绒毛膜促性腺激素的含量(Free-β-hCG),进行DS风险率计算。结果:接受筛查的孕妇9554例,其中采用金标法筛查4197例,DS筛查阳性孕妇243例,占筛查总数的5.79%,有47例接受羊水产前诊断,确诊为DS 5例,其他染色体异常7例;采用酶联免疫法筛查5357例,DS筛查为高风险孕妇444例,占筛查总数的8.29%,有207例接受羊水产前诊断,确诊胎儿为DS 8例,其他染色体异常26例。结论:金标法是一种有效的产前筛查方法,可用于一些出生率低、条件有限的中小型医院,对在基层卫生组织广泛开展与普及产前筛查工作有积极作用。

Objective ： To evaluate the effectiveness of different methods in screening of Down syndrome, choose preferable method for prenatal screening in primary hospital. Methods： The levels of serum alpha fetoprotein and freeβ- hCG in pregnant women were detected by dot immunogold filtration assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the risk ratio was calculated. Results ： Among 9 554 cases, 4 197 cases were detected by dot immunogold filtration assay, the positive rate was 5.79% （243 cases） , 47 eases received amniotic fluid examination, and 5 cases were diagnosed as Down syndrome, 7 cases were diagnosed as chromosome abnormal/ties; 5 357 cases were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, the high risk rate was 8. 29% （444 cases） , 207 eases received amniotic fluid examination, and 8 fetuses were diagnosed as Down syndrome, 26 cases were diagnosed as chromosome abnormalities. Conclusion： Dot immunogold filtration assay is an effective method in prenatal screening of Down syndrome, which can be used in primary hospitals.