典型电子垃圾拆解区居民多卤代芳烃的膳食暴露及其癌症风险评估

Dietary Intake of PHAHs and Cancer Risk Evaluation for Residents Living in the (E-Waste) Disassembly Sites

收集浙江典型电子垃圾拆解区和对照区的饮用水、蔬菜、豆类、米饭、鸡蛋、鱼、鸡肉和猪肉等8类食物样品共191个;采用GC/MS 5975B分析样品中23种PBBs,12种PBDEs和27种PCBs;评估当地居民的PHAHs膳食暴露现状及其癌症风险.结果表明,拆解区居民这三大类PHAHs的平均日摄入量是对照区的2-3倍,通过米饭摄入PHAHs的量占当地居民PHAHs总摄入量的48%以上.拆解区居民因食物摄入PHAHs的癌症风险（3.81×10^-4）是对照区（1.50×10^-4）的2倍多,其中二英类PCBs的风险值占总癌症风险的45%以上.通过米饭摄入PHAHs是主要的暴露途径,二英类PCBs是引起癌症风险的主要贡献因子,电子垃圾拆解释放出的PHAHs通过食物摄入进入居民体内引起的癌症风险要明显高于对照区.

This study was conducted to estimate the lifetime average daily dose （LADDs） and the cumulative cancer risk of PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs for local residents living in four e-waste disassembly sites and a control site in the Zhejiang Province of China. A total of 191 food samples （including seven food groups and drinking water） were obtained, and the concentrations of the three PHAHs were measured by GC/MS 5975B. The estimated LADDs of PHAHs in the disassembly sites were approximately 2-3 times higher than those in the control site. Among different food groups, LADDs of the three PHAHs through rice consumption accounted for more than 48% of the total cumulative dose. The estimated cumulative cancer risk was 3.81×10^-4 for residents living in the disassembly sites, which was about two fold higher than those for the people living in the control site （ 1.50×10^-4 ）. The results showed that rice consumption was the principal exposure pathway for the intakes of PHAHs, dioxin-like PCBs were the major contributors for the cumulative cancer risks, which accounts for 45 % of the total cancer risks.