拟除虫菊酯类农药残留降解菌产气肠杆菌的分离、鉴定及降解特性研究

Isolation and Identification of Degradation Bacteria Enterobacter aerogenes for Pyrethriods Pesticide Residues and Its Degradation Characteristics

采用室内培养方法,从拟除虫菊酯类农药生产车间下水道驯化污泥中分离、筛选出1株可同时降解对联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯的高效菌株M6R9,经鉴定为产气肠杆菌（Enterobacter aerogenes）,并对其生理特性进行研究.结果表明,该菌为革兰氏阴性好氧型杆菌,大小约为长（0.8-1.9）μm、宽（0.5-1.0）μm,能够以3种菊酯农药为碳源生长.在通气、pH 7.0、温度（25-30）℃、接菌量D415 nm=0.2、农药浓度100 mg·L-1和转速180 r·min^-1的环境条件下,对含有联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯各100 mg.L-1的混合培养基培养3 d,发现该菌对3种菊酯降解效果最好,降解率分别为55.74%、55.11%和56.96%,且降解过程满足一级动力学方程模型,降解半衰期（t1/2）分别为65.4、70.7和68.6 h.3种菊酯农药降解率与接菌量、通气量和振荡速率呈正相关.

By incubation experiment, the bacterial strain labeled as M6R9 was isolated from the tame sludge in water course of Pesticide Factory of Hangzhou, and was identified as Enterobacter aerogenes, which had highly efficient degradation for Bifenthrin, Fenpropathrin and Cypermethrin. By investigating the physiological characteristics of the strain, the results show that the bacterium is a gram-negative aerobe bacilli, size is （0.8-1.9）μm、×（0.5-1.0）μm, and is capable of utilizing Bifenthrin, Fenpropathrin and Cypermethrin as sole carbon source. Under the condition of ventilation, （25-30） ℃, inoculated amount at D415 nm=0.2 , pH 7.0, pesticide concentration 100 mg·L^-1 and vibrational speed 180 r·min^-1 , the degradation efficieneies to Bifenthrin, Fenpropathrin and Cypermethrin are the highest by strain M6R9. Under such condition, in the mixture culture medium with 100 mg·L^-1 Bifenthrin, Fenpropathrin and Cypermethrin, the degradation ratios are 55.74%, 55.11% and 55.96% after culturing 3 d, respectively, the degradation processes are fitted for first-order kinetic equation and the half lives （tjn） are 65.4,70.7 and 68.6 h respectively. The degradation ability of Enterobacter aerogenes M6R9 on Bifenthrin, Fenpropathrin and Cypermethrin is positively correlated to inoculated amount,vibrational speed and ventilation.