佛教寺院教育对宋代书院教学的影响

Influence from the Temple Education of Buddhism to Academy Teaching in the Song Dynasty

佛教的寺院教育发展到宋代,呈现出不断与儒学相融合的趋势,并且对宋代书院教育产生了一定的积极影响,这种影响反映在教学方面,具有以下五种特点:书院将教学与学术相结合,形成研究型教学;采用兼容并蓄的教学方式,形成开放型教学;以自学为主导,质疑问难为特色,形成自由型教学;在美的环境中去陶冶学生的心性,形成美感型教学;提倡尊师爱生,以诚相待,形成师生间的融洽型教学。在书院这些独具特色的教学形式中,始终贯穿着佛教寺院教育对其影响的轨迹,在这种影响的背后,实际上是两种文化——佛教文化与儒家理学文化相互碰撞的结果。多元文化的融合对于我们现今教育思想的发展,是具有一定启示作用的。

From the development of temple education of buddhism to academy teaching in the Song Dynasty, there ie the continuous integration trend with confucianism, and it has had a positive impact on academy education in the Song Dynasty,which has five kind of characteristics,showing in teaching： combination between teaching and academic,forming research teaching; the use of inclusive teaching methods, forming opening mode teaching ; self-study as leading function , problem posing as characteristics ,forming the free-based teaching; cultivating student minds in beautiful environment, forming aesthetic type teaching; promoting respect teacher and love student, to be honest,forming harmonious teaching between teacher and student. From these unique teaching, there is the trajectory which is made by buddhism temples education, in fact, it is the collision result of buddhism culture , confucianism and neo confucianism. The muhicuhural integration has enlightenment function for the development of current education thought.