水果型番木瓜外植体灭菌方法研究

Sterilization means for explants of fruit-type papaya

以水果型番木瓜成龄株顶芽和侧芽为外植体,研究不同灭菌剂组合和灭菌时间、抗生素组合对外植体的灭菌效果。结果表明,3种灭菌剂组合对外植体的灭菌效果优于两种灭菌剂组合;3种灭菌剂组合中以采用0.1%KMnO4浸泡10min→5%NaClO浸泡10min→0.1%HgCl2浸泡8min的灭菌效果最好,外植体成活率最高,为47.27%。经不同抗生素组合灭菌,外植体平均污染率和成活率分别为28.57%～45.16%、54.84%～71.43%,灭菌效果明显优于对照,说明抗生素组合可以有效降低水果型番木瓜外植体的内源菌污染,提高其成活率,其中以MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+庆大霉素80mg/L+头孢噻肟钠500mg/L的效果最好,利于获得番木瓜无性系。此外,以幼苗顶芽作为外植体进行灭菌培养的效果优于侧芽,利于促进外植体的萌动生长和形成丛生芽。

In the experiment, the terminal bud and lateral bud of fruit-type papaya were used as explants to investigate the effects of different sterile agent combinations and times, and antibiotic combinations on the explants. The results showed that the sterilization effects of three sterile agent combinations on the explants were better than that of two sterile agent combinations. Among all of three sterile agent combinations, the best one was 0.1% KMn04 10 min ＋ 5% NaClO 10 min ＋ 0.1% HgCl2 8 min, the survival rate of explants was 47.27%. As sterilized with different antibiotic combinations, the sterile effects on explants were better than that of the control, and the average contamination rate and survival rate of explants were 28.57%--45.16% and 54.84%-71.43%, respectively. These results indicated that antibiotic combinations could effectively decrease the contamination of endogenous bacteria, increase the survival rate of fruit-type papaya and clones of papaya is easy to be obtained, and the effects of the combination MS＋6-BA1.5mg/L＋Gentamicin 80mg/L＋Cefo- taxime sodium 500mg/L were the best. Moreover, the terminal bud as explant had better sterile culture effects than lateral bud, and was beneficial to the germination and growth of explant and production of cluster buds.