壶状臂尾轮虫摄食生态的实验研究

Study on feeding ecology of rotifer Brachionus urceus

研究了壶状臂尾轮虫（Brachionus urceus）在不同的温度、盐度、饵料种类、pH和光照条件下滤水率（F）和摄食率（G）的变化情况。结果表明：（1）温度对壶状臂尾轮虫的摄食有显著影响（P〈0．05）。壶状臂尾轮虫摄食的适宜温度范围为25～30℃，最适摄食温度为25℃；（2）盐度对壶状臂尾轮虫的摄食也有显著影响（P〈0．05）。壶状臂尾轮虫适宜的摄食盐度范围为20～30，最适摄食盐度为20；（3）壶状臂尾轮虫对5种不同藻类食物F的顺序为：小新月菱形藻（Nitzschia clostertum）〉〉小球藻（Chlorellasp．）〉牟氏角毛藻（Chaetoceros muelleri Lerrnumerman）〉金藻8701（Isochrysis galbana Park 8701）〉扁藻（Tetraselmis chuii）；G的顺序为：小球藻〉小新月菱形藻〉金藻8701〉牟氏角毛藻〉扁藻；（4）壶状臂尾轮虫适宜的摄食pH范围为6．0～8．0，最适摄食pH为7．0；（5）在条件允许的情况下，黑暗有利于壶状臂尾轮虫的摄食；

The filtering and feeding rate of rotifer Brachionus urceus were studied under different temperature, salinity, food species, pH and light. The results showed that the filtering rate （F） and feeding rate （G） were significantly affected by temperature and salinity. The suitable temperature and salinity for feeding of Brachionus urceus ranged from 25℃ to 30℃ and from 20 to 30, the optimal temperature and salinity were 25 ℃ and 30. The filtering and feeding rate of Brachionus urceus for 5 strains of microalgae showed a declining gradient of Chaetoceros muelleri Lermumerman 〉 Nitzschia clostertum 〉 Isochrysis galbana Park 8701 〉 Chlorella sp. 〉 Tetraselmis chuii and Chlorella sp. 〉 Isochrysis galbana Park 8701 〉 Chaetoceros muelleri Lermumerman 〉 Nitzschia clostertum 〉 Tetraselmis chuii. The suitable pH for feeding of Brachionus urceus ranged from 6.0 to 8.0 and the optimal pH for feeding was 7.0. The darkness was suitable for feeding of rotifer Brachionus urceus.