咽旁间隙断层解剖与CT影像研究

Study on sectional anatomy of parapharyngeal space and CT

目的:为咽旁间隙疾病的影像识别和诊断提供断层解剖学依据。方法:选用成人尸体头颈部20例,CT扫描后制成横断切面,经咽隐窝等层面观察咽旁间隙及咽旁结构的解剖学关系,测量咽旁间隙的面积。结果:咽隐窝层面的咽旁间隙呈近似三角形,横断面及CT面积分别为(447.6±2.18)mm2(左)、(446.4±2.10)mm2(右)和(42.6±3.12)mm2(左)、(43.1±2.96)mm2(右),两侧咽旁间隙及咽旁结构呈对称性。自茎突至咽隐窝的连线将咽旁间隙分为咽旁前、后间隙,CT图像能较好显示咽旁后间隙内各结构的相互关系。结论:咽旁脂肪组织、颈内动脉、颈内静脉、茎突、翼内肌是CT诊断的重要解剖学标志。

Objective： To study the sectional anatomy of parapharyngeal space, establish and refine the basis for CT diagnosis. Methods： Twenty corpuses of died adult were studied, after the heads and necks were scanned with CT, cross-sectional samples were made, anatomical structures of parapharyngeal space of the samples were observed by the pharyngeal recess level, and sizes of the parapharyngeal space of the samples were measured. Results： Structure of parapharyngeal space was similar to triangle at pharyngeal recess level, the measurements of sample cross-sectional and CT area were （447.6 ± 2.18） mm2 （left）, （446.4 ± 2.10） mm2 （fight） and （42.6 ± 3.12） mm2（left）, （43.1 ± 2.96） mm2（right）, respectively, the parapharyngeal space and structures on both sides of the head and neck were of symmetry. Anterior and posterior parapharyngeal space were determined by a line between the styloid process and the pharyngeal recess, anatomical structures of the posterior parapharyngeal space and their relations could be better displayed on CT images. Conclusion： The parapharyngeal adipose tissue, internal carotid artery, jugular vein, styloid process, and lateral pterygoid muscle are important anatomy marks of diagnostic CT, the cross-sectional anatomy of parapharyngeal space has important clinical significance on the imag diagnosis of disease.