不同软化处理方法对竹材质量的影响

The Effect of Different Softening Treatment Methods on Quality of Bamboo

重组竹加工工艺软化处理致关重要.本试验选择四川省绵竹地区生产的2~3龄楠竹、斑竹、水竹、白夹竹和苦竹5竹材,经过15%NaOH,15%KOH,40%尿素,25%氨水浸泡和水煮软化处理,测其软化前和软化后竹材横纹和顺纹抗压强度.结果是常用的热水煮、尿素和氨水等软化效果不如NaOH溶液或KOH溶液软化效果好.原因是由于强碱溶液可以溶解和破坏竹材内部很多物质而降低竹材的产品质量[1].氨水软化处理白夹竹顺纹抗压力质耗大,楠竹和水竹横纹抗压力质耗大;尿素软化处理白夹竹和水竹顺纹抗压力质耗大,楠竹、斑竹和苦竹横纹抗压力质耗大;NaOH和KOH溶液软化处理顺纹抗压力质耗都大,楠竹和水竹横纹抗压力质耗大;水煮白夹竹、水竹和斑竹顺纹抗压力质耗大,楠竹和水竹横纹抗压力质耗大.

Softening treatment process of bamboo is crucial. Nan Bamboo, Chiloscyllium, Water Bamboo, White Nidularia and Nigatake, which are 2- 3 years old, from Mian- Zhu area of Sichuan province were softened by15 % sodium hydroxide, 15 % potassium hydroxide, 40% urea, 25 % ammonia and water immersion. Then anti - pressure intensity of cross striations and along the striations of bamboo before and after treatment was measured. The results showed that softening effect of alkali solution （sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide） was better than that of ammonia, urea and water immersion because alkali solution can dissolve and damage a lot of substance inside accordingly reducing quality of production. At the same time, the quality of consumption of anti - pressure intensity along the striatiom is big in White Nidnlaria treated by ammonia, while cross striations＇ of Nan Bamboo and Nigatake are big; The quality of consumption of anti - pressure intensity along the striatiom of White Nidularia and Water Bamboo are big treated by urea, while cross striations＇ of Nan Bamboo, Chiloscyllium and Nigatake are big; The quality of consumption of anti - pressure intensity along the striations and cross striations is big treated by sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; The same is true in White Nidularia, Water Bamboo. and Chiloscyllium immersed by water, while the quality of consumption of anti - pressure intensity cross the striations is big in Nan Bamboo and Water Bamboo.