福建海坛海峡峡道动力地貌研究

Study on the channel dynamic geomorphology of Haitan Strait,Fujian

从海坛海峡的形成演变规律、水动力条件、海底地形地貌及沉积特征等方面分析了海坛海峡的动力地貌特征.研究结果表明,海坛海峡峡道效应明显,因受海峡周边地形影响,区域内水动力环境及地形地貌变化复杂,分别在海峡两侧不同区域发育着岩滩、沙滩和泥滩3种地貌,在海底中发育着水下浅滩、潮流脊系和潮流三角洲3种地貌.海峡南北出口位置及海峡海底深槽海域水动力强,两侧岸滩、海滩发育,水下冲刷槽发育明显,处于弱冲刷状态,海底分布粗粒沉积物.海峡港湾内水动力弱,潮滩较发育,处于稳定至弱淤积状态,海底分布细粒沉积物.

Basing on the formation and evolvement, the dynamic, sediment and topographic features, we systematically analyzed the channel dynamics and geomorphologic feature of Haitan Strait. From the results, we know that Haitan Strait has obvious strait effect. Constrained by the topographical on both sides of the Haitan Strait, the hydrodynamic environment and the topography changed complexly in the study area. In the north and south openings and in the channel,the hydrodynamic condition predominated with rough sediments on the both sides of Haitan Strait, where the wash troughs and tidal fiats developed obviously. On the contrary, in bays of the strait where the hydrodynamic condition was weak, the tidal fiat with fine sediments were developed under stable and weak sedimentations.