吸附/导泻复方制剂对小鼠有机磷急性中毒的实验治疗

Experimental Treatment of Acute Organophosphorus Pesticide Poisoning with Adsorptive/Cathartic Compound Prescriptions in Mice

目的观察含活性炭和甘露醇的吸附/导泻复方制剂对有机磷农药经口染毒小鼠的救治效果。方法采用小鼠经口染毒模型,比较不同吸附/导泻配方对小鼠肠道推进速度、敌敌畏吸附性能及敌敌畏染毒小鼠死亡率的影响。结果10%活性炭溶液对敌敌畏的吸附能力很强,可明显降低染毒小鼠的致死率,但存在减慢肠道推进速度的不足;伍用10%甘露醇可加快小鼠肠道推进速度,并进一步降低敌敌畏染毒小鼠死亡率,救治效果非常明显。结论含活性炭和甘露醇的吸附/导泻复方制剂对小鼠有机磷农药口服急性中毒的救治效果很好,提示临床应及早给病人口服活性炭/甘露醇这类吸附/导泻复方制剂以提高抢救成功率,降低病人死亡率。

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of adsorptive/cathartic compound prescriptions on acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning （AOPP） in mice. Methods Mice were exposed orally to dichlorvos （DDVP） and the effects of different adsorptive/cathartic formulae on the movement rate of intestinal content, the adsorptive capacity with dichlorvos and the mortality rate of mice were observed. Results It was shown that 10 % activated carbon solution had good adsorptive capacity with dichlorvos and could significantly reduce the mortality rate of mice exposed to dichlorvos, but it also decelerated the movement rate of intestinal content. If combined with 10 % mannitol solution, the compound prescription could speed up the movement rate of intestinal content and further reduce the mortality rate of mice. Conclusion The adsorptive/cathartic compound prescription containing activated charcoal and mannitol had good therapeutic effects against AOPP in mice. It should be used in these poisoning cases as soon as possible to improve survival rate.