安徽省农村环境卫生现状研究

Investigation of current environmental sanitation in rural areas in AnHui Province

目的了解安徽省农村环境卫生现状,为政府决策提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取我省16个县(区)的161个行政村作为研究对象,同时每村抽取10户按照统一的调查表进行入户调查。结果全省农村有村规划的占41.6%;入村道路硬化处理率72.8%,村内道路全部硬化处理的仅占6.2%;有村卫生制度和专职保洁员的分别占24.1%和20.4%;农村厕所以不渗漏旱厕为主(66.5%),卫生厕所仅占7.0%;村里垃圾和污水以随意丢弃、排放为主,分别占40.3%和54.2%;有86.7%的粪便用作肥料;庭院卫生、室内卫生和厨房卫生均以一般为主,分别占调查户数的76.4%、77.3%和72.9%;长江以南地区农村环境卫生总体上好于其他地区;经济收入越高的地区,农村环境卫生越好。结论安徽省农村环境卫生状况较差,不同地区与不同经济收入水平之间存在较大差异,农村环境卫生状况急需进一步改善。

Objective To understand the current status of rural environmental sanitation and to provide scientific data for the improvement of environmental sanitation in rural areas in AnHui Province. Methods 161 villages were random sampled from 16 countries according to the geographical classification. 10 families were random selected from each village as investigate objects. Unified special designed questionnaire was used to investigate every village and every family. Results 41.6% villages had the formulated construction plan; The indurated road toward village and in village accounted for 72.8% and 6.2% of the total investigated village respectively; 24.1% village had got it＇s hygienic managing regulation and 20. 4% had full -time hygiene_keepers; About 66.5% of investigated families used non - leakage dry toilet while sanitary latrines only taked part in 7.0% ; Much of domestic wastewater（40.3% ） and garbage（54.2% ） was discharged at discretion; About 86.7% of feces was used as fertilizer; The hygienic quality in household yards, inner house and kitchen looked ordinary with the ration of 76.4% , 77.3 % and 72.9% of the total investigated families respectively; The rural environmental sanitation in south of Yangtze river region seems better compare with the other regions, the environmental sanitation was better in the affluent region than in other places. Conclusion The rural environmental sanitation was not good in AnHui Province, there was some differences among different geographical regions and different incomes areas; It is urgent to promote the environmental sanitation in rural region to meet the hygienic requests of the countryman.