植物基因富集研究进展

Advances of gene enrichment in plant genome

高等植物的基因组大小差异十分巨大,在大基因组植物的基因组中,各种重复序列占据了基因组中相当大一部分,而低拷贝或单拷贝的基因序列仅占了很少一部分。对于大基因组物种而言,大量的重复序列给基因组的研究工作带来很大困难,使得大规模获得基因信息成为一项很有挑战性的工作。目前,在基因组范围内富集基因的方法有cDNA文库、甲基化过滤文库、高Cot值文库、转座子标签富集法等。文章综述了这几种方法的技术原理和特性,结合近年来国内外运用甲基化过滤技术的研究进展,探讨了根据不同研究材料和研究目标,如何高效选择适合的方法或者方法的组合。

The genome size varies greatly in higher plants. Repetitive sequences account for most of the large plant genomes while low-copy or single copy genic sequences, referred to as gene space, take up only a small portion of the genomes. Considering the large amount of repetitive sequences, it is a great challenge to obtain genic sequences using high-throughout methods in non-model plants bearing large genomes. Currently, several approaches have been developed for gene enrichment on a genome-wide scale, such as cDNA library, methylation filtration library, high Cot library and transposon tagging. Here, we reviewed the technical principles, advantages and disadvantages of these methods, as well as the recent development of methylation filtration technology. An in-depth discussion was performed for selection of one method or combination of methods according to the research objectives and plant materials, especially for plants with large genomes.