父母教养方式与听障儿童问题行为的相关研究

The relationship between parenting practice and behavioral disorders of hearing-impaired children

目的调查听力障碍儿童父母养育方式与问题行为的关系。方法采用父母养育方式Q分类问卷测查父母的养育方式，采用Achenbanch儿童行为量表（Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）测查儿童的问题行为。结果①3～5岁听力障碍儿童的社会退缩行为和违纪行为的发展呈下降趋势，4岁是个关键时期，4岁和5岁听力障碍儿童的社会退缩行为和违纪行为明显低于3岁。而攻击行为各年龄段没有显著差异。②在问题行为的3个指标上。没有显著的性别差异。③听力障碍儿童的社会退缩行为和父母鼓励支持的养育方式有显著的正相关，与父母的高控行为有显著的负相关听力障碍儿童违纪性与父母鼓励独立的养育方式有显著的正相关，与父母惩罚．高控的养育方式没有相关听力障碍儿童的攻击性与父母的养育方式没有相关。

Objective To study the relationship between parenting practice and behavioral disorders of hearing-impaired children. Methods The Q-sort questionnaire on parenting practice was used to investigate the way of parents to educate the children and the Achenbanch＇s CBCL was applied to test the behavioral disorders of hearing-impaired children. Results （1）From 3 to 5 years old, the social withdrawal behaviors and undisciplined behaviors became less with increasing age. The four years was a critical period where the social withdrawal behaviors and undisciplined behaviors of 4-5 year- old children were obviously less than those of 3-year-old. However, there was no significant difference in aggressive behaviors among children of different age groups. （2）No significant gender difference was observed in the 3 indexes of behavioral disorders. （3）The social withdrawal behaviors of hearing- impaired children had a significant positive correlation with the encouragement and support of parents and a negative correlation with the high-control behaviors of parents; the undisciplined behaviors of children had a significant positive correlation with the family education encouraging independence and had no relation with the punishment and high-control behaviors of parents; the aggressive behaviors of children had no relationship with the parenting practice.