摘要
2007年7~12月和2008年4~6月,采用样线法和定点观察法,在四川省竹巴笼自然保护区对矮岩羊集群行为进行了观察。2007年观察到34群共217只矮岩羊,集群平均为6.4±4.9只;2008年观察到16群共135只,集群平均为8.4±7.7只。集群分为雄性群(2007年:8.8%;3008年:6.3%)、雌性群(2007年:2.9%;2008年:0)、混合群(2007年:70.6%;2008年:81.2%)、母仔群(2007年:8.8%;2008年:12.5%)和孤羊(2007年:8.8%;2008年:0)5种类型。在不同季节,5种集群类型比例都有所变化,差异显著(P〈0.01)。集群大小问和集群类型问也有显著或极显著差异,其中2~10只的集群在2007年占73.5%,在2008年占75.0%,呈集小群特征。年龄组结构中,成体、亚成体和幼体个体数比为100:26,4:28.6(2007年)和100:24.7:20.4(2008年)。雌雄性比2007年为100:55.7,2008年为100:56.6,年间差异不显著(P〉0.05)。受集群收益、生物学特征、繁殖周期、资源竞争、生境地形地貌、捕食风险和人类活动等主要因素的影响,矮岩羊在集群类型、集群大小、年龄结构和性比上显示了其生存策略。
The dwarf blue sheep ( Pseudois schaeferi ) is an endangered species only inhabiting upper Jinsha River gorge ( Zhubalong, south of Batangl , Sichuan Province, China. From July to December 2007 and April to June 2008, we investigated group patterns of dwarf blue sheep by using transect censuses and fixed point observations in Zhubalong Nature Reserve. We observed 34 groups consisting of 217 individuals with a mean group size of 6.4 ± 4. 9 in 2007 and 16 groups comprising 135 individuals with a mean group size of 8.4 ± 7.7 in 2008. Sheep groups can be classified into five types: male only ( 2007: 8.8% of total groups, 2008: 6. 3% ) , female only ( 2007 : 2. 9%, 2008 : 0 ) , mixed ( 2007 : 70. 6%, 2008: 81.2% ), mother-offspring (2007: 8.8%, 2008: 12. 5% ), and solitary individual (2007: 8. 8%, 2008: 0). These group types varied in proportion seasonally ( P 〈 0. 01 ). These types also differed in distribution ( P 〈 0. 01 ) and in size ( P 〈 0. 01 }. Groups of 2 - 10 individuals were predominant (73.5% of all groups in 2007 and 75.0% in 2008 ). We collected population data from several recent articles (1997, 1998, 2000, 2006) to analyze mean group size and sex ratio dynamics using the ANOVA. The results indicated that group size was highly variable ( P 〈 0. 05 ) and the mean group size was significantly larger in 2007 ( P 〈 0.05 ) and in 2008 ( P 〈 0. 01 ) than in 2000. The adult : juvenile : lamb ratio were 100: 26.4: 28. 6 in 2007, and 100: 24.7: 20. 4 in 2008. The female: male ratio ( 100:55.7 in 2007 and 100: 56. 6 in 2008 ) remained stable ( P 〉 0. 05 ). Group patterns of the sheep can be influenced by benefits in group living, biological characteristics, breeding cycle, competition for resources, habitat type and topography, predation risk, and human disturbance, group patterns of the sheep implied a survival strategy.
出处
《兽类学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期239-245,共7页
Acta Theriologica Sinica
基金
四川省科技厅重点资助项目(05JY029-153)
四川省教育厅科研基金资助项目(07ZC030)
内江师范学院科研基金资助项目(08NJZ-9)
内江师范学院博士科研启动基金
内江师范学院生态学重点建设学科基金
关键词
矮岩羊
集群类型
集群大小
年龄组结构
性比
Age class distribution
Dwarf blue sheep ( Pseudois schaeferi )
Group type
Herd size
Sex ratio