社会主义过渡时期上海纱布市场的综合治理

Comprehensive Administration of Shanghai Cotton Yarn Market in Communist China of Transition Period

1949年5月-1954年9月，从解放初期平息纱布市场恶性涨风，到棉纱统购令，棉花统购、棉布统购统销令的相继颁布，上海纱布市场完全纳入计划经济体制，中央和上海市政府采取了一系列政策措施，对上海纱布市场展开了深入、持续的综合治理，并获得巨大的成效。这场综合治理的特点表现为工商并举，既有如价格政策、行政管理等对市场直接治理措施，也有如纺织工业加工订货、控制货源对市场的深层治理措施，还有纱布统购统销，棉布计划供应对市场的彻底控制措施。本文即通过梳理、分析中央及上海市政府相关政策、措施的制定、施行情况，探讨此时期上海纱布市场综合治理的基本状况和成效。

From May of 1949 to September of 1954, there were put down the malignant upward trend of prices of cotton yam market at the beginning of liberation and were unified purchase order of cotton yam and cotton and of state monopoly for purchase and marketing of cotton cloth. Then the cotton yarn market of Shanghai was totally included in planned economic system. And Central authorities and Shanghai government had taken a series of policies and measures and obtained the enormous effect to launch deepening and lasting comprehensive administration for this market. The characteristic of it was shown as industry and commerce going on simultaneously and there were not only market direct administration measures such as pricing policy and administration but also the deep administration measure of the market such as placing orders with enterprises for processing materials to the textile industry and controlling the source of goods. This paper probes into the basic states and effects of Shanghai comprehensive administration of this period through combing and analyzing the formulation of the relevant policies and measures.