跨国公司人权责任之法理基础与美国司法实践考察

The Jurisprudence and US Judicial Practices of Human Rights

跨国公司作为输出资本的重要工具,其营利性必然与东道国人权保护政策发生一定程度的冲突。美国法院在长期的司法实践中积累了大量的跨国公司人权责任判例,以不方便法院理论、私益与公益平衡原则为根据主张对海外人权违反案件的诉讼管辖权。我国应适当借鉴美国经验,积极立法,适时主张对此类公司在海外实施的人权违反案件的管辖权,合理维护我国跨国公司在海外的商业利益。

In principle the eourts of home country may exercise personal jurisdiction over human fights violations overseas. But overseas institutions of MNCs generally have legal personality of host country, thereby legal persons of those countries. While enforcing policy of fighting for overseas market, a great scale of Chinese MNCs have come into being. We shall borrow adequately from US practices, actively make laws ,assert timely jurisdiction over those cases and maintain reasonably our overseas business interests.