2Shulman.L.S.(1987).Knowledge and Teaching:Foundations of the New Reform.Harvard Educational Review.Vol.57,1-22.
3Munby,H.:Russell.T.:Martin.A.K.(2001).Teachers' Knowledge and How it Develops.In Merlin C.Wittrock(Ed.).Handbook of Research on Teaching(3rd Ed.pp.887-904).New York:Macmillan Publishing Company.
4Bransford,J.:Darling-Hammond.L.& Lepage.P.(2005).Introduction.In Darling-Hammond.John Branstbrd:in collaboration with Pamela LePage.Karen Hammerness.Helen Duffv(Eds.).Preparing teachers for a changing world:what teachers should learn and be able to do.San Francisco.CA:Jossev-Bass.p.9.
5Bransford.J..Darline-Hammond.L.&Lepage.P.(2005).Introduction.In Darling-Hammond.John Bransford:in collaboration with Pamela LePage.Karen Hammerness.Helen Duffy (Eds.).Preparing teachers for a changing world:what teachers should learn and be able to do.San Francisco.CA:Jossev-Bass.pp.22-23.
6Bransford.J..Darline-Hammond L.& Lepage.P.(2005).Introduction.In Darling-Hammond,John Bransford ; in collaboration with Pamela LePage.Karen Hammerness.Helen Duffv(Eds.).Preparing teachers for a changing world:what teachers should learn and be able to do.San Francisco.CA:Jossey-Bass.p.10.
7Bransford.J.,Darling-Hammond.L.&Lepage.P.(2005).lntroduction.In Darline-Hammond,John Bransford:in collaboration with Pamela LePage.Karen Hammerness,Helen Duffy (Eds.).Preparing teachers for a changing world:what teachers should learn and be able to do.San Francisco.CA:Jossey-Bass.p.38.
8Reynolds、M.C.(Ed.)(1989).Knowledge base for the beainning teacher.New York:Peraamon Press.
92005年美国教师教育协会的大型研究报告:《为变革的世界培养教师:教师应该学会的和能够做到的》(Preoaring teachers for a chanaing world:what teachers should learn and he able to do.)的蓝本.见:Linda Darling-Hammond.L.& Bransford.J.in collaboration with Pamela LePage.Karen Hammemess.Helen Duffy(Eds..2005).Preoaring teachers for a changing world:what teachers should learn and be able to do.San Francisco.CA:Jossev-Bass.
