糖尿病大鼠牙槽骨骨密度与全身骨密度变化的相关实验研究

A relevant experimental study of alveolar and systemic bone mineral density changes in diabetes rats

目的比较雌、雄性糖尿病大鼠牙槽骨骨密度的改变以及雄性糖尿病大鼠全身骨密度的改变。方法将40只Wistar大鼠分为糖尿病组(雌、雄性大鼠各15只)和对照组(雌、雄性大鼠各5只)。腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)制备糖尿病大鼠模型,检测糖尿病组和对照组大鼠血糖、血清胰岛素和骨代谢指标,检测下颌牙槽骨、股骨和腰椎的骨密度。结果对照组和糖尿病组雄性大鼠下颌牙槽骨骨密度均高于雌性大鼠(P<0.05);糖尿病组雌、雄性大鼠下颌牙槽骨骨密度分别低于对照组雌、雄性大鼠(P<0.05)。对照组雄性大鼠的骨密度由高至低依次为股骨、下颌牙槽骨、腰椎;糖尿病组雄性大鼠的骨密度由高至低依次为下颌牙槽骨、股骨、腰椎。结论糖尿病雌、雄性大鼠下颌牙槽骨发生了糖尿病性骨质疏松,且雌性大鼠骨质疏松更严重;雄性糖尿病大鼠下颌牙槽骨、股骨和腰椎骨密度较对照组低,下颌牙槽骨骨密度变化与股骨和腰椎的变化相一致,或是糖尿病组大鼠下颌牙槽骨骨密度变化滞后于股骨和腰椎骨密度的变化。

Objective To compare alveolar bone mineral density （BMD） changes of the male and female diabetes rats, and male diabetic rats BMD in systemic change. Methods 40 Wistar rats were divided into diabetic group（15 female rats and 15 male rats） and control group （5 female rats and 5 male rats）. Models of diabetes rats were made by peritoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ）. Blood glucose, serum insulin, indicators of bone metabolism as well as BMD of mandibular alveolar bone, femur and lumbar spine were examined. Results The BMD of mandibular alveolar bone in male rats was higher than the female rats in the two groups （P〈0.05）. The BMD of mandibular alveolar bone of male and female diabetic rats in the diabetic group was lower than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. The BMD of male rats in the control group was femur, mandibular alveolar bone, lumbar spine from high to low. The BMD of male rats in the diabetic group was mandibular alveolar bone, femur, lumbar spine from high to low. Conclusion Osteoporosis happen to mandibular alveolar bone of female and male diabetes rats, especially in female rats. The BMD of mandibular alveolar bone, femur and lumbar spine in the male diabetic rats were lower than that in the control group. Mandibular alveolar bone density changes of diabetic rats was in line with the lumbar spine and femar＇s, or mandibular alveolar bone density changes of diabetic rats lags behind the lumbar spine and femur＇s.