女性冠心病临床特征研究进展

The clinical research of gender differnces for women with coronary heart disease.

冠心病是影响女性身体健康和死亡的头号病因。由于性别、生理和社会环境的不同,与男性相比,女性冠心病在危险因素、临床表现及其治疗预后上均有着不同程度的差异。当前女性冠心病主要有如下特点:社会重视程度不足;危险因素较特殊;心肌缺血症状不典型;就医时危险因素多和病情重;治疗不够积极;病死率高。因此,当前有必要加强对女性冠心病的研究和诊治工作,以全面提高女性冠心病的防治水平。

Coronary heart disease （CHD） is the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Recent technological advances in cardiovascular diagnosis and treatment have not led to significant declines in mortality for women with CHD when compared to the dramatic declines for men. Owing to the gender differences of physiology and social circumstances, women with CHD may have different manifestations as compared to men with CHD. Recently, research has shown that women with CHD had mainly the following characteristics：special risk factors, atypical ischemia symptoms, multiple risk factors and comorbidities at initial physician consultation, higher under-treatment rate and higher mortality rate. At the same time, most CHD researches have paid little attention to women. Therefore, the current CHD guidelines may not be completely suitable for women. In order to improve the prevention and treatment of CHD in women, we advocate to enhance research and clinical work for women with CHD.