长白山主要针叶树种胸径和树高变异系数与竞争因子的关系

Relationships between coefficient of variation of diameter and height and competition index of main coniferous trees in Changbai Mountains

选取长白山地区8个皆伐标准地的1139株标准木,利用变异系数(CV)分析了云杉、冷杉和红松3个主要针叶树种的胸径和树高随龄阶、树高随径阶的变化.结果表明:在研究地区,3个主要针叶树种树高随径阶的变异相对较小,胸径和树高随龄阶的变异较大,胸径随龄阶的变异系数最大.在天然林中,传统的以径阶为自变量的树高曲线能较好地反映实际生长,以龄阶为自变量的胸径和树高生长模型对实际生长程度的反映较差.竞争是引起树高和胸径变动的主要因子.若将竞争因子添加到传统的生长方程和树高曲线中,可以大幅度提高模型的精度.

A total of 1139 trees from 8 clear-cut stands dominated by fir, spruce, and pine in the Changbai Mountains were selected to study the relationships between the coefficient of variation of diameter and height and the competition index of the three main coniferous tree species in the Mountains. For the test tree species, the variation of height vs. diameter class was relatively small, while the variations of diameter and height vs. age class were larger, with the largest coefficient of variation of diameter vs. age class. The traditional height-diameter models could better reflect the real growth of trees, whereas the diameter-age or height-age models were not good enough. Competition was the main factor inducing the variations of tree diameter and height, suggesting that incorporating the competition index to the traditional models of tree growth and height could improve the model accuracy significantly .