不同氮、磷配比人工海水对海带胚孢子早期发育的影响

Effects of artificial seawater with different N/P ratio on early development of Laminaria japonica embryo spore

利用不同氮、磷配比的人工海水培养海带胚孢子,观察其对海带早期发育的影响.结果表明:培养于人工海水中的海带胚孢子80%能够正常发育,但与培养于天然海水中的对照组仍存在显著差异,且人工海水中海带胚孢子的萌发和配子体的形成时间滞后,人工海水培养所形成的海带雌配子体数量显著高于雄配子体(P<0.001);不同氮、磷配比的人工海水对海带胚孢子萌发率的影响不同,N∶P>15∶1的氮磷比会降低海带胚孢子的萌发率,而缺乏氮或磷营养盐的人工海水则极显著抑制海带胚孢子的萌发(P<0.001);海带胚孢子能够在人工海水中进行早期发育,但人工海水中的氮、磷营养盐浓度以及氮/磷比均会对海带发育初期胚孢子的萌发率产生影响;人工海水中氮、磷营养盐的缺乏会导致海带配子体形成时间的滞后,并对其雌雄分化产生一定影响.

The embryo spores of Laminaria japonica were cultured in artificial seawater with different N/P ratio to observe their early development. 80 percent of the spores cultivated in whole-ingredient artificial seawater developed normally, but the time of spore germination and gametophyte formation was lagged significantly and the amount of female gametes was significantly higher than that of male gametes （P 〈0. 001 ）, as compared to the control cultivated in natural seawater. Artificial seawater with different N/P ratio showed different effects on the spore germination rate. The artificial seawater with N/P 〉 15 decreased the spore germination rate, while that without N or P inhibited the spore germination significantly （P 〈0. 001 ）. It was concluded that L. japonica spores could develop normally in artificial seawater, but their germination rate was affected by the seawater N/P. The deficiency of N or P in artificial seawater would lag the time of gametophyte formation and affect the differentiation ratio of female-male gametes.