甜蜜与权力:文思理以糖为背景的人类学解读

Sweetness and Power: Winsley’s Anthropological Reading of Sugar and Its Background Meaning

历史人类学、马克思主义人类学以及反思人类学在经历二战后的人性痛苦反思后，作为研究的理论工具而逐步占据主流。其间涌现出大量的研究成果，为人类学后现代研究范式的转换奠定了基础。文思理是这一时期的代表人物之一，他以马克思主义政治经济学为基础，结合历史人类学以及世界体系理论，对糖的历史演变做了长历史大范围的研究，不仅为我们展示了食品的价值与使用价值随着消费层次的变化而变化，同时揭示了糖作为消费品的文化与社会意义，以及其中内外成因的结构性特征和力量。

After retrospective thinking over human tragedy during World War Ⅱ , three disciplines, namely, historical anthropology, Marxist anthropology and retrospective anthropology, have gradually occupied main trends as research theories. Quantitative research achievements have appeared during the period which paved way for post modernism research pattern for anthropology. Winsley is is a representative figure of this period, based on Marxist political economic theory, and combining historical anthropology and world system theory, he made extensive world wide research into the historical change of sugar. His research has not only demonstrated the value of sugar as food and the change of its value with the change of its consuming classes, but also discovered the cultural and social significance of sugar as a kind of consumer goods, and the structural characteristics and power of the inner and outer factors led to its prominence.