世界11个不同人群MICA基因遗传多态性研究及聚类分析

Analysis on Genetic Polymorphism of MICA Alleles and Phylogenetic Tree of MICA Allele in World Populations from Eleven Different Areas

目的探讨MICA基N在世界11个不同人群的遗传多态性分布特征，并绘制系统发生树。方法应用11个人群MICA基因频率数据，采用PHYLIP软件，计算不同群体的遗传距离，绘制遗传树，并进行聚类分析。结果MICA＊001基因主要分布在欧洲和美洲地区，MICA＊002基因在亚洲人及高加索人中均有检出，但在黑人和印第安人基因频率相对较高，MICA＊008基因频率在高加索人种中有较高的分布；中国、泰国、日本和韩国等亚洲人彼此遗传关系相对较近聚为一大类；美国、英国的高加索人种聚为一类；中国的浙江和湖北汉族人遗传距离最近。结论MICA基因在不同人种、不同地区人群分布不同，具有高度遗传多态性。建立稳定的MICA基因技术检测平台有助于开展中国人群MICA基因多态性研究，为人类学、MICA基因和疾病相美性和器官夥植等研究提棋黄倍晕泰者数据．

Objective To analyze the genetic polymorphism of MICA allele and construct the pylogenetic tree in eleven dif- ferent populations. Methods MICA allele frequencies data of eleven different populations were collected ,genetic distance was calculated with PHYLIP software,and the neighbor-joining phylogenetic with tree was constructed with TREE soft- ware,then clustering analyses these data. Results MICA ＊ 001 allele was the most common allele in the population of both Europe and America. MICA ＊ 002 allele also was detected Asian and Caucasian populations. But was the more com- mon in Black population and Indian population. MICA ＊ 008 allele was found at highest frequency in Caucasian popula- tions. As presented by phylogenetic tree,Chinese,Japanese, Korean and Thai in Asian populations were placed closer to each other and were clustered in one clad ,Caucasian population in America and England area were clustered in other clad. The smallest genetic distances were between Hubei Han and Zhejiang Han in China population. Conclusion The distribu- tion of MICA alleles showed highly genetic polymorphism in eleven different populations. The establishment of the ad- vanced technology of MICA allele typing would help to study of MICA allele in different area or ethnic of China popula- tion,it would provide more useful information in anthropology,disease association studies and transplant.