三角梅在我国的温度适宜分布区划

The Temperature Suitable Ecotopes in China for the Introduction of Bougainvillea spp.

三角梅为我国南方园林中常见花卉之一,我国虽已有100多年的引种栽培历史,但对其确切抗寒力水平的资料仍显缺乏。对我国广泛栽培的21个三角梅品种进行了模拟低温电导率测定,确定低温致死范围在-2.91℃～-5.48℃之间;以三角梅品种普遍致死温度-3℃为依据,采用地理信息系统(GIS)进行了三角梅在我国的温度适宜区划。结果表明,我国三角梅温度最适宜分布区集中在云南西南部临沧、澜沧、普洱等地,广西、广东、福建大部,海南、台湾2岛,以及四川南端西昌、宜宾、重庆等个别地区;可以露地种植的次适宜分布区包括四川、贵州、湖南、江西南部及湖北的恩施、宜昌,浙江温州等局部地区。本研究对于外来花卉引种具有一定指导借鉴意义。

The eleclric conductivities for the excised leaves of 21 well-cultivated Bougainvillea cultivars in China were measured after a series of low temperature treatment. And the semi-lethal temperature of the plant tissues was gotten according to Logistic equation. The result shows that these cultivars semi-lethal lemperatures distribute from -2.91 to -5.48℃. With the application of geography information system （GIS）, the temperature suilable ecotopes in China of Bougainvillea were established by use of -3℃, the general lethal temperature, as the determinator. That is, the areas of Lincang, Lancang, Puer of Yunnan Province and Xichang and Yibing of Sichuan Province, Chongqing, most areas of Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian Provinces, as well as all the areas of HaJnan and Taiwan Provinces were the most temperature-suitable ecotopes of Bougainvillea in China. Except for that, the south area of Sichuan, Ouizhou, Hunan and Jiangxi Provinces, Enshi and Yichang of Hubei ProvJnce, and Wenzhou of Zhejiang Province is the hypo-temperature-suitable ecotopes.