基于水循环过程的水量水质联合评价

An Integrated Assessment Method of Water Quality and Quantity Based on Water Cycle Process Simulation

水量水质联合评价是我国水资源综合管理中一项基础性研究工作。但是如何摸清缺资料地区或者是未来变化环境下的水资源质与量的分布和变化特征,是目前水资源评价中的难点之一。论文将分布式水量水质耦合模型引入水资源评价中,提出了基于水循环过程的水量水质联合评价方法,有效解决了水量水质资料系列缺乏或不同步,以及未来环境变化对水量水质联合评价带来的束缚,最后成功应用在海河流域水污染严重地区之一——涉县。研究结果表明：涉县境内主要河流清漳河2004年水资源总量为2.46×10^8m^3,其中Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水仅占全年水资源量的28.0%;2006年水资源总量为2.36×10^8m^3;其中Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水占全年水资源量的55.4%。通过两年的水污染整治,清漳河可利用水资源量大幅度增加。该方法对现有水量水质联合评价方法有所补充,对解决资料缺乏地区以及未来变化环境下水资源评价提供了一种新的途径,为流域水资源综合规划、配置和管理提供技术支撑。

Water quantity and quality integrated assessment is a foundation research task in water resources management of China.Nowadays,research on the distribution and changing characteristic of water resources（including quantity and quality） in the ungauged basin or the changing environment is one of the difficulties in water resources assessment.This paper brought the distributed water quantity-quality model in the integrated assessment,and put forward an integrated assessment method of water quality and quantity based on water cycle process simulation.Moreover,this method is applied to Shexian county,a seriously-polluted area in Haihe River Basin.The results indicated that： the total water resources of Qingzhang River,which is the main stream,were 2460 million m^3 in the year 2004,and there were 6900 million m^3 of water resources among class one to three,which accounted for 28.0% of the total water resources.In 2006,the total water resources were 2360 million m^3 and there were 1310 million m^3 of water resources among class one to three,which account for 55.4% of the total water resources.Through the pollution improvement for two years,the available water resources in Qingzhang River increased greatly.This method perfects the present integrated assessment method of water quality and quantity,and provides a new approach to resolve the water resources assessment in the ungauged basin or the changing environment.Furthermore,it will provide the technical foundation for the basin water resources integrated planning,allocation and management.