上游来水来沙变化及对三峡水库回水变动区泥沙淤积的影响

Impact on sediment deposition in the backwater of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area due to changes of the upstream sediment runoff

根据三峡水库上游几个主要水文站近年来的径流量和输沙量的实测资料,分析了水沙变化情况和原因。结果表明:上游主要支流金沙江和嘉陵江的输沙量明显减少,而各类水库的拦截、流域内的水土保持和河道采砂联合作用的结果是造成水沙变化的主要原因,这对回水变动区的泥沙淤积将产生直接影响,使泥沙淤积对回水变动区河段航运等所产生的问题将延后显现。

According to the recent years＇ measured data about the runoff and sediment discharge from several major hydrological stations on the upper reaches of the Three Gorges Reservoir, we analyze the water and sediment changes and the causes. The results show that the amount of sediment in the main tributaries of the upper reaches, the Jinsha River and Jialing River, reduces significantly, and the combined effect of the intercept by all types of reservoirs ,water and soil conservation in the river basin and sand wining in the channel are the main causes, which will have a direct influence on sediment deposition in the backwater area, and the problems arisen on navigation in the backwater area will be shown later.