HIV阳性孕产妇的发现时机及接受阻断情况分析

Analysis on diagnostic occasion for HIV positive pregnant women

目的通过对HIV阳性孕产妇的发现时机及接受阻断的情况分析,了解当前HIV母婴阻断工作中存在的问题。方法收集在湖北、山西、河北部分县市发现的179名阳性孕产妇(189孕次)发现时机及接受阻断的情况,对所发现的HIV阳性孕产妇未接受综合阻断措施的原因进行分析。结果纳入本研究的项目县,孕检人群HIV阳性率为0.26‰。在发现的HIV阳性孕产妇中产前、产时、产后所占的比例分别为66.7%、7.4%、25.9%,各期发现的HIV阳性孕产妇均有部分未接受综合阻断措施。产前发现未接受抗病毒药物阻断的阳性孕产妇中,个别孕妇不接受药物阻断;产时发现的孕产妇,多数因未获得药物而未用药阻断;而产后才发现的孕产妇则错过了阻断时机。结论我国HIV母婴阻断工作已取得很大成绩,但仍存在HIV阳性孕产妇发现不及时,接受综合阻断措施比率较低等问题,亟需改进。

Objective To understand the existing deficiency in the work of preventing HIV transmission from mother to child. Methods The diagnostic occasions of 179 HIV positive pregnant women （189 pregnant times） in some counties in Hubei, Shanxi, and Hebei were collected, including measures for prevention. The reasons for the missing prevention for HIV positive pregnant women were analyzed. Results The HIV positive rate in pregnant women in the counties enrolled in this study was 0.26‰. Percentage of HIV pregnant women who were found in antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum were 66.7 %, 7.4 %, and 25.9 % respectively. Some HIV positive pregnant women missed the prevention in all of three periods. In HIV positive pregnant women found antepartum, some rejected prevention. The missing reason for HIV positive pregnant women found intrapartum failed to get ARV drug. HIV positive pregnant women found postpartum missed the prevention. Conelusions There is some progress in the work of preventing HIV transmission from mother to child in China, but some HIV positive pregnant women can not be detected in time, and the percentage of HIV pregnant women who have received comprehensive measures is low. The work of PMTCT therefore needs to be improved.