洪湖网簖数量调查和渔获物分析

Survey on the Numbers and Catches of Weirs in Honghu Lake

利用卫星遥感定点技术，估算洪湖1993年初约有11000部网簖，洪湖网簖可分为“稀阵”、“密阵”两种，1986年稀阵渔获物中．乌鳢、鲤、鲇、草鱼等大中型鱼类的比例达47．6％，1992－1994年这些鱼类的比例不到7％；1986年鲫、黄颡鱼和红鳍原鮊三种小型鱼类的比例为51．0％，1992－1994年达87．6％。九十年代洪湖主要经济鱼类的捕捞规格进一步下降，为此应对网簖渔业实施管理。

Weir fishery has contributed more than 70% of the total annual yields in HonghuLake since the 1970s. It was estimated with GPS that about 11000 weirs were setin Honghu Lake in 1993, three times more than the number in the early 1980s. Large species such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Channa argus, Cyprinus carpio and Silurus asotus made up 47. 6% of weir fishery in 1986 and less than 7% in 1992- 1994. Three small species (Chrassius auratus auratus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco , Cultrichthys erythropterus) increased from 51.0% in 1986 to 87. 6% in 19921994 with the average size declining from 22. 2g, 30. 9g, 44. 5g in 1986 to 11. 4g. 15. 4g 25. 3g.in 1992, respectively. Seasonal changes in composition of species were observed in 1986, Carassius auratus auratus and Pelterkagrus fulvidraco dominated the catches in spring and summer.and citches of some river-run species increased dramatically after late summer .It is obvious that the fisheries in Honghu Lake were enhanced in the 1980s because of restrictive measures and rehabilitation programg. e. g., the closed season during spawning of fish,stocking of fry. introduction of fry from the Yangtze River and propagation protection pens.However, the fisheries declined again in the 1990s due to increasing fishing intenslty and weakened management.