基于形态特征和ITS序列对新疆博乐蘑菇的分类鉴定

Classification and Identification of Agaricus from Bole of Xinjiang Based on Morphological Features and Its Sequence

在新疆博乐90团,20～40 cm地下采得一株伞菌(BL)。首先采用形态学分类法对其进行了宏观和微观的描述,根据生境和形态学特征与大型真菌图鉴对照找到两种相似菌株Agaricus bisporus(双胞蘑菇),Agaricus gennadii(圆孢蘑菇)。然后对该伞菌进行了菌丝体培养,获得了两株生长势不同的菌丝。为了进一步确定分类学地位,采用PCR技术,以rDNA-ITS为分子指标,对子实体和菌丝进行了ITS序列测定与分析。结果表明:生长势强的菌丝(J1)为实验室污染菌,生长势弱的菌丝(J2)为BL的纯菌丝。系统进化树显示BL归为Agaricus bitorquis(双环蘑菇)较为合理。

The research was used to discuss the genus of Agaricus in Bole of Xinjiang. The genes of the 5.8S rRNA and the complete internal transcribed spacer （ITS） regions from part of the genus of agaricus were sequenced and compared. The results showed that BL specimen and J2 cultured biomass had the same ITSI -5.8S- ITS2 nueleotide sequences, strongly supporting the fact that J2 cultured biomass was the pure hyphae. Molecular phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that BL belonged to the species of Agaricus bitorquis.