围绝经期大鼠年龄相关性白内障模型的建立

Establishment of age related cataract model on the perimenopausal female rats

目的:建立经济实用、可长期观察的围绝经期大鼠年龄相关性白内障的动物模型,以进一步探讨围绝经期年龄相关性白内障的发病机制及寻求防治方法。方法:健康雌性、性成熟SD大鼠16只32眼随机分为2组:实验组和对照组。实验组行双侧卵巢切除术,对照组只行腹膜切开。术后2wk起两组分别用300g/L萘混悬液(0.5g/kg,2次/wk)、吐温-80(Tween-80)灌胃,肉眼和裂隙灯显微镜观察两组大鼠晶状体变化。灌胃6wk后处死大鼠,用放免法检测血清中雌二醇和孕酮浓度,取其晶状体进行光镜下组织细胞的形态观察。结果:肉眼下两组均未见明显晶状体混浊。裂隙灯显微镜下,实验组有6只(10眼)大鼠晶状体出现空泡、小水裂以及前囊点状混浊;光镜下,实验组晶状体组织表现出典型白内障早期病理改变;对照组未见有明显晶状体改变。结论:双侧卵巢切除术联合低浓度萘长间隔给药的大鼠模型能模拟围绝经期年龄相关性白内障的自然临床病理过程,是一种经济、安全、适合于长期观察的围绝经期年龄相关性白内障动物模型。

AIM： To establish the cheap, useful and suitable to investigate for long term experimental model of agerelated cataract on the perimenopausal rats, explore etiopathogenesis and methods of prevention and therapy on age related cataract in perimenopause. METHODS： Sixteen femal Sprague-Dawley rats （thirtytwo eyes） were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Ovariectomy were performed in experimental group , and peritoneum were just cut open in control group. After 2 weeks of operation, experimental group received 300g/L naphthalene solution （0.5g/kg body weight, twice a week ） and control group received Tween-80 for 6 weeks through a stomach tube. The changes of lenses were observed with naked eye and slitlamp microscope. After 6 weeks, all rats were skilled and serum estradiol and progesterone levels were determined with radioimmunoassay in each rat. The lenses were removed to observe morphological changes of the cells and structure under the light microscope. RESULTS： Under the slit-lamp microscope, there were similar vacuoles, clefts or punctate opacity on lenses found in experimental group. Under the light microscope, the typical pristine pathological characteristic of cataract were observed in morphology and structure of cell and tissue in experimental group. No visible changes were observed in control group. CONCLUSION. The rats performed by ovariectomy combine administration of naphthalene with low concentration and long interval can simulate natural pathogenesis of age related catarac on the perimenopause ,and this method is cheap, useful and suitable to investigate agerelated catarac at the perimenopause for long term.