我国农业保险发展滞后的经济学分析

Economic Analysis on Backwardness of China's Agricultural Insurance Development

指出建立农业保险制度是社会可持续发展的必然要求。但由于农业保险的准公共产品属性和双重外部性,在没有政府补贴的情况下,出现了市场失灵,供给和需求均不足,导致我国农业保险发展缓慢甚至萎缩。我国农业保险的发展不仅远远落后于发达国家,甚至同印度、巴西等发展中国家也有较大的差距。认为应采取以下措施完善我国农业保险制度:加快农业保险的相关立法;加大对农业保险的财政支持力度;加快农业保险经营体制改革步伐;建立健全农业保险服务体系;建立有效的农业风险分散机制。

The essay pointed out that the establishment of the agricultural social insurance system is an essential requirement for sustainable development. However, due to the quasi-public product attributes and double externality of agricultural insurance, and in the absence of government subsidies, the emergence of a market failure, and lack of supply and demand, resulting in slow development of agri-cultural insurance in China or even a decline. The development of agricultural insurance in China is not only far behind the developed countries, even has a larger gap with India, Brazil and other developing countries. We should take the following measures to improve the agricultural insurance system in China： to quicken the relevant legislation of the agricultural insurance; to increase financial support of agricultural insurance; to accelerate the pace of structural reform of agricultural insurance bus-iness; to establish a sound system of agricultural insurance services; to establish an effective mechanism for risk diversification in agriculture.