论雅斯贝尔斯的研究与教学统一观及其现实意义

On Jaspers' Concept of Unified Research and Teaching and its Practical Significance

雅斯贝尔斯是德国著名的存在主义哲学家、心理学家、高等教育思想家。他提出了研究应与教学相统一的主张,并对此作了十分精辟独到的阐释,其内容涉及研究与教学统一的依据、内涵、保障、路径等方面。研究与教学统一观是根据大学观、大学的理想和任务、塑造"整全的人"、促进学生精神生命成长之需要提出来的,它的内涵既包括研究与教学的结合,又包括研究与学习的统一。学术自由为研究与教学的统一提供了重要保障。研究与教学统一的路径包括:(1)奠定研究与学习统一的基础:整体性知识;(2)激发追求真理的强烈的求知欲和坚强意志;(3)培养研究事物的态度和科学思维方式;(4)学术交流。研究和借鉴雅斯贝尔斯的研究与教学统一观,对于反思目前大学的教学与学术研究;注重学术研究,提升大学生的学术研究素质;注重彰显真理精神内涵,培养"整全的人";倡导学术自由和学术交流;实现大学的理想和任务,都具有重要的启迪意义。

Karl Jaspers is a well-known philosopher of the existence in Germany, as well as a psychologist, and a thinker in higher education. He made a very insightful and original interpretation of the unity of research and teaching, involving basis of the unity, its content, security, methods and so on. The concept unified research and teaching was put forward on the basis of the concept of the University, the vision and mission of the University, the need to create ＂a complete person＂ and to promote the growth of spiritual life of students, which incfudes both the unity of research and teaching, and the combination of research and learning. Academic freedom guarantees the unity of research and teaching. Methods of the unity of research and teaching include （1） laying a solid foundation for unity of research and learning： holistic knowledge; （2） stimulating the strong desire for the pursuit of the truth and a firm will; （3） cultivating the right attitude of research and scientific way of thinking; （4） academic exchange. Research on and learning from Jaspers＇ unity of the research and teaching is an important inspiration, for it helps to reflect on current research and teaching at universities, to promote attention to academic research and to enhance the quality of academic research on the part of university students. It also highlights the spiritual connotation of the truth, the development of ＂a whole person＂ , advocates academic freedom and academic exchange, and helps achieve the realization of the deals and mission of the University.