宋文帝与“元嘉之治”重估

Emperor Wendi of Song and Revaluation of "the Prosperity of Yuanjia"

宋文帝及其"元嘉之治"不宜评价过高。宋文帝"刑德不树",大肆杀戮功臣名将,重用宗室、旧部与姻戚,给当时政局造成消极影响。宋文帝"穷兵黩武",对人民反抗斗争一味武力镇压,不自量力发动三次北伐,给国家与人民带来沉重灾难。他对权贵奢靡的纵容、对百姓赋役的繁重,导致国家经济力量薄弱。宋文帝的一系列失误致使"元嘉之治"未能达到应有的水平。

This paper argues that the reign （627-649） of Emperor Wendi, which was called the Prosperity of Yuanjia should not be over applauded. Actually Emperor Wendi committed many mistakes in his reign. First, his administration of officials is not sound. On one hand, he killed many outstanding officials and veteran generals. On the other hand, he put in important positions royal members, relatives and his former subordinates. All this produced a severe negative impact on the political situation of the time. Secondly, he waged sanguinary wars against the peasant uprisings and launched three northern expeditions, which brought about heavy disaster to the state and kept the people in suffering. Thirdly, he connived at the extravagance of the powerful officials and imposed heavy taxes on the populace, which weakened the state＇s economic strength. Such mistakes undermined the efficient government of the state and the peace and prosperity in his reign.