西方新制度经济学理论在城市规划中的运用和启示

APPLICATION OF NEW INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS IN THE DOMAIN OF URBAN PLANNING AND ITS ENLIGHTENMENT

新制度经济学理论是在西方资本主义世界主张国家干预的凯恩斯主义遭受到重大经济滞胀冲击下的20世纪中期逐步兴起的一门年轻的学科。是把人,不同社会、历史、与环境背景下的制度与经济活动,以及它们之间的相互关系纳入研究对象,使新制度经济学的理论研究方法能够适用于不同国度、政治经济基础、社会历史文脉背景下的制度分析。城市规划作为一种政策和制度安排,涉及到社会中的所有利益相关者,也影响到人类赖以生存的环境。分析西方新制度经济学理论在城市规划领域中的运用,揭示其合理内核及其对于我国城市规划理论与实践的启示,有益于探索我国快速城镇化战略挑战下的城市规划体制改革和有效实施的理论途径,对实现可持续发展的目标将具有重要的现实意义和深远的历史意义。

New Institutional Economics （NIE） theory emerges gradually as a young discipline, when the Keynes principle advocating the state intervention was challenged by the significant economical stagflation in the western capitalist world during the middle of the last century. Theoretical methodology of NIE, which integrates the human beings, economic activities and institutions under different backgrounds into its study, enables NIE to be adaptable as a research method to the institutional analysis in different countries with different backgrounds. Urban planning, as an institutional arrangement, involves social and economic benefits of all stakeholders, and also affects the living environment of human beings. To analyze the application of NIE in urban planning will give enlightenment to urban planning theories and practices in China. It will benefit to explore effective approaches to the systematic reform of urban planning institutions under the challenge of rapid urbanization in China.