浅议“符号革命”背景下文学生态系统构成要素的嬗变

An Analysis of the Change of Composing Elements in Literary Ecosystem under Symbolic Revolution

大众传媒的出现是文学传媒方式的一次革命,文学从以"语言符号"为载体的方式转变为以"视听符号"为主的传播方式,也可以说是一场"符号革命"。本文从宏观与微观两个角度论述了"符号革命"背景下文学生态系统构成要素的嬗变。从宏观角度而言,文学的地位被边缘化,媒介的地位被中心化;从微观角度而言,传统文学生态系统中的作者、读者、作品、等构成要素也在发生嬗变,此外,编辑、出版商、销售商等与媒介相关的人员地位的凸显,也都在一定程度上破坏了传统的文学生态平衡。因而,新的诗学——大众传媒诗学———的构建就成了摆在文学研究工作者面前的紧迫任务之一。

The emergence of mass media is a significant revolution in the patterns of literary transmitting.Patterns of literary transmitting based on linguistic symbols have been changed into patterns based on visual and additive symbols,as well as a symbolic revolution.This paper illustrates the change of key elements in literary ecosystem in the surge of ＂symbolic revolution＂ macroscopically and microcosmically.Macroscopically speaking,the position of literature has been exiled,while the mass media centralized;Microcosmically speaking,the important composing element-the readers,the authors,the texts-have changed a lot,furthermore,those who are closely connected with mass media,such as editors,publishers and salesmen and so on,are playing very important role in literature.Thus,the traditional literary ecosystem has been damaged,the establishment of a new literary theory-mass-media-based literary theory-is an emergent task to scholars nowadays.